An Act of the U.S. Congress originally passed in 1974. It regulates, among other
things, the possible contamination of underground water.
Sediment or rock body containing brackish water or brine.
Groundwater in which salts are dissolved.
Sand that has turned into a rock due to geological processes.
Part of the subsurface that is totally saturated with groundwater.
A plausible description of the future based on an internally consistent set of assumptions about key relationships and driving forces. Note that scenarios are neither predictions nor forecasts.
Selective catalytic reduction.
A gas-liquid contacting device for the purification of gases or capture of a gaseous component.
Borderline between the free water and the top of the bottom sediment.
An impermeable rock that forms a barrier above and around a reservoir such that fluids are held in the reservoir.
Recovery of oil by artificial means, after natural production mechanisms like overpressure have ceased.
Natural large-scale depression in the Earth’s surface that is filled with
sediments.
A two-dimensional seismic image of the subsurface.
Measurement of the properties of rocks by the speed of sound waves generated artificially or naturally.
The episodic occurrence of natural or man-induced earthquakes.
A commercial physical absorption process to remove CO2 using glycol dimethylethers.
Clay that has changed into a rock due to geological processes.
A reactor in which the water-gas shift reaction, CO + H2O = CO2 + H2, takes place.
An apparatus for measuring the flow rate of gases or liquids.
The natural uptake of CO2 from the atmosphere, typically in soils, forests or the oceans.
Steam methane reforming: a catalytic process in which methane reacts with steam to produce a mixture of H2, CO and CO2.
Synthetic natural gas: fuel gas with a high concentration of methane produced from coal or heavy hydrocarbons.
Solid oxide fuel cell: a fuel cell (q.v.) in which the electrolyte is a solid ceramic composed of calcium- or yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxides.
Gas contained in the space between soil grains.
A process in which fluids are retained by dissolution in liquids naturally present.
Natural gas containing significant quantities of acid gases like H2S and CO2.
Any process, activity or mechanism that releases a greenhouse gas, an aerosol, or a precursor thereof into the atmosphere.
The determination of the number of species into which a single species will divide over time.
The structurally lowest point in a structural trap (q.v.) that can retain fluids lighter than background
fluids.
Heap of waste material derived from mining or processing operations.
Special Report on Emissions Scenarios; used as a basis for the climate projections in the TAR (q.v.).
Relating to the stabilization atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases.
A formation (q.v.) that has not recently been disturbed by tectonic movement.
A catalytic process in which a hydrocarbon is reacted with steam to produce a mixture of H2, CO and CO2.
A process for retaining captured CO2 so that it does not reach the atmosphere.
Gauge to determine the deformation of an object subjected to stress.
The order and relative position of strata.
A column showing the sequence of different strata.
A sealed geological container capable of retaining fluids, formed by changes in rock type, structure or facies.
The enhancement of the ability to inject fluids into, or recover fluids from, a well.
A gas-liquid contacting device, in which a component is transferred from liquid phase to the gas phase.
Geological structure capable of retaining hydrocarbons, sealed structurally by a fault or fold.
Geological feature produced by the deformation of the Earth’s crust, such as a fold or a fault; a feature within a rock such as a fracture; or, more generally, the spatial arrangement of rocks.
Map showing the contours of geological structures.
Term used in London and OSPAR conventions, meaning the sediments below the seabed.
Coal of a rank between lignite (q.v.) and bituminous (q.v.) coal.
Of development, that which is sustainable in ecological, social and economic areas.
At a temperature and pressure above the critical temperature and pressure of
the substance concerned. The critical point represents the highest temperature
and pressure at which the substance can exist as a vapour and liquid in equilibrium.
Synthesis gas (q.v.).
A gas mixture containing a suitable proportion of CO and H2 for the synthesis of organic compounds or combustion.
Fuel, typically liquid fuel, produced by processing fossil fuel.
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